The building

Architecture and spaces

The site

The new premises of the Archaeological Museum of Chania are located in the suburb of Chalepa, the second most historic part of Chania after the Venetian Old Town. In Chalepa, a centre of political and diplomatic ferment from the mid-19th to the early 20th century, were built imposing private villas which later housed the Consulates of the four “Protector Powers”, the headquarters of the international troops, international clubs, the palace of the High Commissioner and the residence of Eleftherios Venizelos. Today, many of these buildings have been renovated and some are the seats of foundations such as the Eleftherios Venizelos Museum and the “Eleftherios K. Venizelos” National Research Foundation.

The need for a larger Archaeological Museum in Chania was already apparent in the early 1990s. In the search for an appropriate site for the new premises of the Archaeological Museum, the plot of land on the low hilltop west of the church of St Mary Magdalene was considered ideal for the purpose.

In 1996 the plot was ceded to the Ministry of Culture and in 2005, through a restricted invitation to tender, the preliminary study by architect Theofanis Bobotis and his partners was chosen for the building.

Set on a plot of land covering 11,500 m2, the Museum covers a total area of approximately 6,000 m2. Its location, averaging 98 m above sea level, offers a magnificent view over much of the city, especially the seafront.

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The building

As the architect Theofanis Bobotis notes: “A line and an angle gave rise to the two distinct, plain linear masses that form the Museum. One straight and the other angled, they delimit an internal atrium. A composition with the features of an archetypal Greek Megaron. Masses half-sunken in the earth, they house finds of past civilisations which have been brought to light from the same Cretan soil. Strictly geometrical masses, with an outer shell with ceramic skin, they form the image of a building that thrusts up dynamically from within the earth towards the Aegean Sea.” The overall architectural proposal is completed with the synthesis of two separate lines which rise from the earth and turn towards the Sea of Crete. This is a symbolic reference to the vestiges of civilization beneath the ground and also a bioclimatic choice, with the buildings adapted in the best possible way to the steeply sloping terrain.
Theofanis Bobotis goes on to say: “The main aim of the architectural design was the creation of a cultural building which, in combination with the display of the finds, would be a landmark of Chania. Moreover, as a building it should represent contemporary culture, while contributing to the development of today’s culture through the finds of past civilisations.”

The Permanent Exhibition Galleries

The Permanent Exhibition of the Archaeological Museum of Chania is set out in galleries on the ground floor and part of the upper floor of the building. Theofanis Bobotis remarks: “Inside, and around the atrium, are arranged the successive exhibition galleries, together with the main entrance, the distribution hub of the internal circulation pathways. The exhibition galleries match the strict geometry of the building masses.
With clean, plain surfaces and high ceilings, they provide a spacious exhibition space. A dynamic environment, capable of housing the modern museological study and future studies which will be developed with the addition of further finds and any new technologies and future exhibition methods that may arise. Thus, on entering the Museum, visitors walk around the successive galleries in a ‘circular’ route, ending back where they started.”
The Temporary Exhibition Gallery, accessed by a separate entrance to the permanent exhibition, is located on the ground floor, as are the Museum shop and offices. A wide, straight staircase and an elevator lead to the upper floor, which houses the Konstantinos, Marika and Kyriakos Mitsotakis Collection, the Educational Programme Room, the 120-seat amphitheatre and the café. The café, at the north end of the building, offers a panoramic view of the Sea of Crete and the city of Chania.
The Museum has fully equipped underground storage rooms for finds, four ground-floor conservation laboratories, rooms for photographing and drawing objects, and study areas. The lowest level, the second basement, contains all the electromechanical, water supply, heating and fire safety systems that support the Museum infrastructure and ensure the smooth functioning of all its state-of-the-art operations.
From the lowest basements to the exhibition galleries, the café and the roof, every part of the Museum is important for different reasons. Taken all together, they constitute a “living”, self-sufficient and functional organism, a Museum modern in every respect – environmental, architectural, museological, museographical, recreational and educational – a Museum capable of meeting the demands and challenges of the 21st century.

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